作　者：李佃来
关键词：现代政治哲学；财产权；自然权利；财产权的制度化本质；财产权的获得性；财产权的社会性
摘　要：

财产权问题是现代政治哲学发展中的主线问题。洛克率先以自然权利学说为框架建立起关于财产权问题的理论，但也遗留了需要由后来的政治哲学家进一步解决的理论问题。休谟、康德、黑格尔将财产权把握为一种获得性和社会性权利，这无形中推动了现代政治哲学的发展，特别是使现代政治哲学在解决理论与现实相脱节、相断裂上向前走了一大步。马克思在制度批判的层面上，极为深刻地揭示了缔结和固化在财产权背后的社会关系和社会矛盾，从而在理论上刻画了真正的现实，也从根本上解决了洛克遗留的问题。自洛克至马克思，政治哲学家们对财产权问题作出的不同解析，表征着现代政治哲学在理论上经历的嬗变和不断深化的过程。

 

On the Issue of Right to Property in Modern Political Philosophy: From Locke to Marx

Li Dianlai（Wuhan University）

Abstract The issue of right to property has been the mainstay in the development of modern political philosophy. John Locke was the pioneer in establishing the theory of property within the framework of natural rights, but also left behind some theoretical problems to be further resolved by later political philosophers. David Hume, Immanuel Kant and Georg Hegel regarded the right to property as an acquired social right, which virtually pushed forward the development of modern political philosophy, making a giant leap forward in solving the disconnection and rupture between theory and reality. On the level of institution criticism, Karl Marx profoundly revealed the social relations and social contradictions solidifying behind right to property, thus depicted the real reality in theory, and fundamentally solved the problems Locke left behind. From Locke to Marx, political philosophers have made various analyses of right to property, which represents the transmutation and deepening process of modern political philosophy in theory.

Key words  modern political philosophy; right to property; natural rights; institutional nature of right to property; acquisitive nature of right to property; social nature of right to property

 

■作者简介  李佃来，武汉大学哲学学院教授，湖北 武汉 430072。

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