作　者：陈昫
关键词：智慧养老服务；照护机器人；健康老龄化；人工智能；责任伦理；智慧医疗；数字鸿沟；人口老龄化
摘　要：

人工智能的发展与人口老龄化是数字时代社会发展的两大主题。人工智能助力机器人养老服务日渐成熟，为解决广大老年人在养老方面的现实问题提供了新机遇、新技术与新方法，但机器人服务责任不明确、机器人服务伦理不清晰、机器人服务规范不完善等问题严重制约机器人养老服务的发展。为探究机器人养老服务的有效治理路径，需以责任伦理为引导，聚焦照护机器人与老年服务对象之间的道德、道义与责任关系，强调机器人对老年生命权与健康权所负有的责任。应当厘清机器人养老服务在组织伦理、过程伦理、结果伦理与影响伦理方面所存在的独立性问题、真实性问题、尊严问题与风险问题，辨明机器人养老服务所承负的文化责任，注重维护养老尊严、彰显助老性、完善养老功能、提升养老能力，着力打造机器人养老服务的责任伦理治理新模式。因此，应锚定机器人养老服务治理的责任伦理导向，积极推进机器人养老服务的多样化、适老化、协同化、规范化、康养化与增能化发展。

 

Carebots' Services Governance in the Digital Era: A Study Based on the Ethics of Responsibility

Chen Xu（Wuhan University）

Abstract The development of artificial intelligence and population aging are two major social development themes in the digital era. Artificial intelligence helps carebots' services become mature, providing new opportunities, new technologies and new methods to solve the urgent problems of elderly care. The development of carebots' services is greatly hindered by problems such as unclear robot service responsibilities, vague ethic terms and imperfect norms in robot service. To explore the effective governance path of carebots' services, it is necessary to focus on the relationship between carebots and the elderly relevant to ethical and moral responsibility, and emphasize the responsibilities of carebots to support human rights of life and health of the elderly. We should clarify the problems of independence, authenticity, dignity and risks in the ethics of organization, process, result and influence. Moreover, we should also clarify the cultural responsibility and maintain dignity, revealing disponibility, perfecting functions, and improving the support competence so as to build a new ethical governance model of robot service. Therefore, it proves the importance to anchor the ethics of responsibility, and actively promote the development of diversified carebots' services, aging compatibility, coordination, standardization, healthcare and empowerment.

Key words      smart elderly care service；carebots；healthy aging；artificial intelligence；the ethics of responsibility；smart healthcare；digital gap；population aging

 

■    作者简介 陈 昫，法学博士，武汉大学社会学院讲师，武汉大学全球健康研究中心特聘副研究员；湖北 武汉 430072。

 

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