作　者：冯天瑜 聂长顺
关键词：名词；文化史；科学；格致；赛因斯；外来词
摘　要：

人类进行思维的前提之一是形成概念，而概念不能悬浮空际，必须命名，即必须词化，才能进入语用，达成文化运作。故研究一名，即是作一部文化史。中华文明沿袭数千 年未曾中辍，原因之一是使用形意文字的汉字词（名）丰富而且含义相对稳定，同时又具有 吸纳外来语的包容精神，从而生生不已。以“科学”为例，此名从古典义到现代义的演绎，经历 了“中—西—日”或“印—中—日—西”之间的流转与变迁历程，在此过程中，其古汉语义、西 语义及日语义相综汇，最终形成“科学”的现代意义，昭显了延续性与变异性的统一。

 

The Interpretation of “Science” from Classical Meaning to Modern Meaning

Feng Tianyu, Nie Changshun (Wuhan University)

Abstract： One of the preconditions for human beings to think is to form concepts, which cannot be suspended in space. They must be named, namely be lexicalized in order to enter pragmatics and achieve cultural operation. Therefore, studying names is to create a history of culture. One of the reasons for the constant development of Chinese civilization is that Chinese words with characters (names) of both form and meaning are rich and relatively stable in meaning. At the same time, the Chinese language has the inclusive spirit of absorbing foreign words and is therefore constantly expanded and vibrant. A good example is the word ``science'', whose name is interpreted from classical meaning to modern meaning, going through a process of circulation and change between ``China-West-Japan'' or ``India-China-Japan-West''. In this process, the ancient Chinese meaning, western meaning, and the Japanese meaning have been combined and eventually formed the modern meaning of ``science'', which shows the unity of continuity and variability.

Key words： nouns; cultural history; science; Gezhi; Saiyinsi; foreign words

 

■作者简介 冯天瑜，武汉大学文科资深教授，武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心教授、博士生导师；湖北 武汉 430072。

聂长顺，历史学博士，武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心教授、博士生导师。

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